Pipe-wrench.



J. A. OVERLANDER. PIPE WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22, 1910.

1,050,683, Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

' WITNESSES:

|i INVENTOR ZJZZW COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0 WASHINGTON. n. c.

T OFFICE.

JACOB A. OVERLANDER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PIPE-WRENCH.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 22, 1910. Serial N 0. 593,752.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J A0013 A. OVERLANDER, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in thecounty and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in PipeVVrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in that class of pipe wrenches whichcomprise a fixed aw and a movable or sliding jaw, the latter beingformed integral with the shank which slides in the handle or frame andis provided with a screw-thread to which a portion of the handleconstructed as a nut is applied for the purpose of adjusting the movablejaw.

The improvement is embodied in the new and related features ofconstruction and arrangement of the two jaws of the wrench ashereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, inwhich- Figure 1 is a side view of the main portion of the wrench. Fig. 2is a perspective view of the movable jaw with a portion 01 the shank.Fig. 3 is a side view of the main portion of the wrench illustrating itsapplication to a pipe.

My improved pipe wrench comprises a fixed jaw A. and a movable orsliding jaw B which is formed integrally with a shank C. Both jaws haveextensions 64 and .7), adapted for use as a nut-wrench. The inner faceof jaw B, which is provided with ribs or teeth Z), presents two sides ofunequal length arranged at an obtuse angle, which angularity combinedwith the angularity of said jaw at its junction with shank C,constitutes novel features of operation, as will hereinafter appear. Theascending inner face of jaw B, Fig. 1, from shank G to its common pointof intersection or the apex of notch, is longer than the descending. Bysuch con struction the circumference of any object gripped between thejaws is never in contact with shank G, and upon rotation is alwayseccentric to the aXis of the pipe so placed; that is to say, a planepassing through the point of tangent of the pipe with plane or face aand the'common point of the intersecting planes forming the notch orapex of the jaw angle is rearward of and therefore eccentric to thepoint of radial rotation of the pipe. The opposed plane or face a of jawA is smooth and flat. Outwardly it has a shoulder a and is inclinedinward and downward from this shoulder to shank O, as shown in Figs. 1and 3.

The operation of the wrench does not depend upon the grip of the jawsproduced by any pivotal action of the handle, upon any mechanism, whichby manipulation in operation increases the grip of the jaws oressentially by the grip of the respective jaws of the pipe. When thewrench is applied to pipe as, as in Fig. 3, and rotated to the right, itis evident that the plane or face a of jaw A moves in peripheralrelation with the pipe while the ascending plane of jaw B tends to drawupward and forward, thus producing a common point of rotation for thewrench and pipe. Since the latter is impossible, owing to the unyieldingpipe and the further fact that the inclination of plane a tends to wedgethe pipe in the angle rather than rotate about it, the teeth 5 bite orset into the pipe in consequence of lateral pressure on the handle. Inother words the greater the leverage, the firmer the engagement of theteeth with the pipe. It may be further emphasized that the inclinationof plane a of jaw A contributes materially to this result, namely, to afirm grip on the pipe, since it resists the tendency of the lower sideof the pipe to move or slide rearwardly. In brief, by the coaction ofthe inwardly inclined teeth I) and-j aw face a, I obtain a grip on apipe or other cylindrical object w'hlch is the firmest practicable. Thisis due to the particular arrangement of the biting surfaces of the aws.As will be understood by reference to Fig. 8, if a straight line bedrawn parallel to the shank from the apex of the angle of jaw B to theinclined surface of jaw A, it will pass considerably outside of themiddle of a pipe that is held between the jaws; and this would be thecase whatever might be the diameter of the pipe. This construction andarrangement of the angle of jaw B with reference to the inclination ofthe surface of jaw A insures a very firm, secure bite on a pipe thatmakes it practically impossible for the wrench to slip and at the sametime the bearing surfaces or points of contact of the jaws with a pipeare as broad as practicable so that there is little danger of crushingeven a very thin pipe.

What I claim, is

An improved pipe wrench comprising outer and inner jaws, relativelyadjustable, the

Patented J an. 14,1913.

outer jaw provided with an obtuse angle shoulder, and inclined inwardtoward the notch formed by two unequal blt-ing iaces handle, asdescribed. Whose point of lntersectlon 13 located Within 7 T I a commonpoint of rotation of the wrench JACOB OVEILAD about a cylindrical objectbearing against lVitnesses:

the smooth fiat face of the inner jaw, such MARY E. REILLY face beingprovided outwardly with a ANNA G. REILLY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

